If you have a general idea of what you want to make, these factories will help refine your idea and think through the different components that involve the making of your idea.
Pattern-Making
A pattern-maker is someone who makes a blueprint of your idea. They make sure your design will be well-constructed.
Materials
This stage involves gathering all the necessary materials needed to make your product. Some factories provide materials and assembly; sometimes you will need to buy materials separately.
Sample-Making
A sample is a prototype of your idea. Sample-makers usually make the product by hand (hand-cutting, hand-assembling, etc.) before you get your tooling finalized. You want your sample to be perfect if you plan to do mass production of your product.
(Usually sample-makers charge more per product, but this depends on the factory’s policy.)
Tooling
To produce products at a rapid rate and drive your cost down, you might have to invest in machinery that is customized to your design; that is "tooling". This machinery will vary depending on the product, but can range from plastic molds to custom branding stamps, and so on.
Production
"Production run" means making a lot of one product at once. The factories listed under "production" can produce small and/or large quantities. The minimum order for a production run can vary from factory to factory (some have no minimum, some require a dozen, and some require up to 1,000 to be made at once)